Ground states of a rotating spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate in box trap
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The ground-state phases of rotating spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates in three different box traps are studied numerically. In circular or square box trap, influenced by the combined effects of spin-exchange interaction and rotation, traditional skyrmion vortex for a rotating spin-1 BEC in harmonic trap are replaced by the homogeneous coreless vortices layered with fourfold rotational symmetry, which are usually generated from the trap boundary every four. In a triangular box trap, one skyrmion vortex structure is firstly found in the trap center, while other vortices are all generated from the boundary and arrange parallel to the trap edge in the form of vortex chains .
