A comprehensive model of the structural water involved in proton conduction, water wires, and superconductivity

The term "structured water" refers to the concept that water can organize its molecules differently from the typical "classical" water we know. In complex biological processes, hydrogen-bonded water bridges (water wires) are crucial for proton conduction. Almost all water molecules in biological systems are near surfaces or molecular backbones and show quantum behavior. Understanding how water's hydrogen-bond networks influence reaction dynamics at the molecular level remains unclear. This work introduces a theoretical model to explain how structural water forms, taking into account proton-water interactions mediated by correlated electron pairs. Hydrogen attached to water cannot be described as an H-atom state with n = 2. In this study, a physics-based framework explains the formation of the traditionally understood chemical dative bond, which is similar to the classical bi-elliptic transfer orbit model. The Hellmann-Feynman Theorem and the bi-elliptic transfer orbit model are used to analyze in detail how a proton interacts with ordinary water. Under the influence of a proton, the water molecule's orbitals rearrange, connecting the model of correlated electron pairs in oscillatory resonant quantum states with the formation of water wires and superconductivity.