Impact of Traditional Games on Health-Related Physical Fitness: A Systematic Review

Background Physical inactivity has become a growing global problem, and it is contribute to health problems such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and mental stress. In contrast, traditional games, once central to community life, promote natural physical activity through activities such as running, jumping, coordination, and teamwork. These games not only enhance health-related physical fitness, improving well-being, but also foster social interaction and cultural connection. In the modern era, inactive lifestyles and online entertainment have led to a decline in participation in such activities. Therefore, bringing back traditional sports can be a enjoyable, culturally significant, and successful way to encourage physical fitness and general well-being today. Objectives This present research seeks to explore the influece of traditional games on health-related physical fitness and to evaluate their potential as effective tools for promoting physical, psychological, and social health in modern society. Methods This study hold a systematic literature review methods using only secondary sources. Information was collected from existing research papers, academic journals, books, and online publications related to traditional Indian games such as gilli danda and lagori. The collected literature was analysed to understand how these games contribute to health-related physical fitness, focusing on key components such as cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, and coordination. In addition, studies highlighting the psychological and social benefits of traditional games were reviewed. No primary data collection or field surveys were conducted for this review. Results Findings from the reviewed literature indicate that traditional games significantly contribute to improving health-related physical fitness. Furthermore, they promote psychological well-being by reducing stress and enhancing social interaction, teamwork, and cultural connection. However, challenges such as reduced youth participation and limited urban play spaces exist. Conclusions Traditional games have more strong potential to serve as an engaging and culturally relevant means to enhance physical fitness and mental well-being. Revitalising these activities through school programs, community initiatives, and gamified digital adaptations can help preserve cultural heritage while addressing the growing issue of sedentary lifestyle in modern societies.