Clinical Management and Outcomes of Cesarean Section in Three Black-Tufted Marmosets (Callithrix Penicillata) - A Case Series

The black-tufted marmoset ( Callithrix penicillata ) is a New World primate species native to the Brazilian Central Plateau. Over a four-month period, three unrelated adult females were presented with signs of prolonged and difficult labor that began during the morning hours. Radiographic examination in ventrodorsal and lateral views revealed the presence of twin fetuses in all three animals. Ultrasonographic evaluation confirmed that the fetuses were viable in each case. Due to the small body size of the species, obstetrical manipulations were considered impractical and therefore not attempted. Blood samples were collected prior to intervention, and all hematological and biochemical parameters were within normal reference ranges. Surgical intervention was performed under general anesthesia, and the fetuses were successfully retrieved alive in all cases. The females recovered uneventfully from anesthesia, and complete healing of the surgical incision was observed within seven days during postoperative follow-up.