Finite Difference Analysis of MHD Bioconvective Nanofluid Flow with Radiation and Viscous Dissipation

This research investigates the combined impact of advanced features of flow properties on concerning a nanofluid infused with gyrotactic microorganisms over a nonlinear deforming sheet placed in a porous medium. Similarity transformations are employed to convert the governing partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. These highly nonlinear equations are dis-cretized using finite difference schemes and solved iteratively via the Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) method. Although various authors have studied MHD flows of nanofluids, bioconvection, nonlinear stretching surfaces, and porous media effects separately, the combined influence of MHD, viscous and Joule heating, thermal radiation, and bioconvection in a porous medium over a nonlin-ear stretching sheet has not been comprehensively examined. The present study aims to fill this gap by formulating and solving a coupled system of nonlinear equations incorporating all these physical effects and solving them numerically using the finite difference method with SOR. The results presented through graphical profiles and tabulated data, illustrate the influence of key physical parameters on the velocity, temperature, concentration, and microorganism distributions. The findings reveal that increasing the Prandtl, Schmidt, Lewis, and Peclet numbers reduces the thickness of the thermal and concentration boundary layers, while higher values of radiation, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and magnetic parameters enhance the temperature, nanoparticle concentration, and microorganism density within the flow. These results underscore the potential applications of bio-convective nanofluids in biomedical devices, enzyme-based sensors, microfluidics, microbe-assisted oil recovery, and biotechnological processes.