Simulation-Based Learning in Global Health: Insights from LiegeWHO

LiègeWHO is a student-led initiative that offers an immersive simulation of the World Health Assembly (WHA)—the decision-making body of the World Health Organization (WHO)—within the University of Liège. As the first simulation of its kind to be conducted in French and in Belgium, it provides a unique platform for students to engage with global health diplomacy and policymaking. Despite the growing popularity of simulation-based learning, research on their impact remains limited. Few studies have thoroughly examined whether such simulations contribute to deeper learning outcomes, particularly for the development of employable skills. Moreover, Francophone research on this topic is virtually non-existent, highlighting a significant gap in the literature. This study addresses this gap by employing a pre- and post-questionnaire methodology to assess students' motivations, expectations, prior knowledge, and skills before the first francophone WHA simulation, as well as their learning outcomes and skill acquisition afterward. Findings indicate that the LiègeWHO simulation positively influences student learning, fostering knowledge gains and critical professional skills such as collaboration, policy analysis, and diplomatic negotiation. The high satisfaction level of participant, coupled with the substantial gains in knowledge and skills observed, strongly suggests that simulation-based learning could offer an effective pedagogical approach for global health education. Further research is essential to investigate the long-term impact of such simulation initiatives and their role in shaping students' professional trajectories.