Analysis of Factors Influencing IgA Vasculitis-associated Nephritis in Pediatric Patients

Objective To investigate factors influencing childhood IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura) and IgA vasculitis nephritis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis). Methods Clinical data from children diagnosed with IgA vasculitis and admitted to the Department of Pediatrics at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 1 to December 31, 2021, were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Baseline characteristics were compared between the nephritis (IgAVN) and non-nephritis (IgAV) groups, and we performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to assess the predictive value of variables identified as significant risk factors. Results Age and uric acid (UA) levels were significantly higher in the nephritis (IgAVN) group compared to the IgAV group (P < 0.05). Elevated UA was identified as an independent risk factor for IgAVN, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.010 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.005–1.015). UA predicted IgAVN with a sensitivity of 64.2% and specificity of 74.6%, at an optimal cut-off value of 277 µmol/L. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.711 (95% CI: 0.639–0.783; P < 0.05). Conclusion UA levels in children with IgA vasculitis show moderate predictive value for the development of IgAVN. UA assessment may be integrated with urine sediment analysis, renal pathology findings, and other clinical indicators to jointly evaluate disease prognosis. (This study is a retrospective observational study and does not involve prospective intervention assignment. Therefore, clinical trial registration was not required.)