Dynamics Characteristics and Experimental Study of Variable-Section Wing Structures

This paper investigates the dynamic characteristics of variable-section wing-like panels, with emphasis on vibration behavior and design-oriented performance regulation. Compared with traditional constant-section panels, variable-section configurations enable graded distributions of mass and stiffness, thereby improving material utilization, lightweight potential, and fatigue resistance. Governing equations for a cantilevered variable-section panel are derived based on classical laminated plate theory and von Karman nonlinear kinematics, and are discretized using Hamilton’s principle in conjunction with the Rayleigh-Ritz method. Numerical simulations and experimental tests demonstrate that boundary constraints predominantly govern the effective structural stiffness, while key geometric parameters like length and thickness provide complementary control over mass-stiffness distribution. The proposed framework offers a practical pathway for targeted frequency tailoring and resonance avoidance, and provides theoretical support for lightweight optimization and vibration control of variable-section aerospace structures.