A latent profile analysis of prenatal depression and anxiety in Chinese women with twin pregnancies

Background While previous studies have investigated the prevalence and associated factors of prenatal depression and anxiety among women with twin pregnancies, most of these studies have overlooked the substantial variation in symptoms presentation. This study aimed to use latent profile analysis to identify the subgroups and associated factors of prenatal depression and anxiety among women with twin pregnancies. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2024 to October 2025, and a total of 334 women with twin pregnancies were included using convenience sampling. Participants were surveyed using a self-design socio-demographic information, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. Latent profile analysis was performed to identify prenatal depression and anxiety subgroups among women with twin pregnancies, univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze the related factors. Result LPA identified two profiles of prenatal depression and anxiety: “low-risk group” (65.0%) and “high-risk group” (35.0%). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that lack of medical insurance, pregnancy-related complications, low family support, negative coping styles, and absence of positive coping styles significantly influenced high-risk group (all P  < 0.05). Conclusion Two subgroups of prenatal depression and anxiety were identified among women with twin pregnancies. In the future, it would be more meaningful for obstetric primary health institutions to establish stratified management system and standardized interventions based on different subgroups.