Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles-Coated Chitosan Modified Screen Printed Carbon Electrode and Its Application to The Simultaneous Determination of Cd and Cu by Cyclic Voltammetry

Modification of the Screen Printed Carbon Electrode (SPCE) using silver nanoparticles-coated with chitosan (AgNPs-Chi) was performed for the simultaneous determination of Cd and Cu using the cyclic voltametry method. The study aims to synthesize AgNPs in a green manner and modify carbon screen-printed electrodes as sensors for Cd and Cu detection. AgNPs are synthesized using an eco-friendly reducing agent from the water extract of red ginger leaves ( Zingiber officinale Rosc. var Rubrum). The formation of AgNPs-Chi was visually confirmed by a color change from yellow to brownish-yellow and validated by UV-Visible spectroscopy, which showed a surface plasmon resonance band at 432.5–452.5 nm, which remained stable during the 7-day incubation period. AgNPs-Chi particles have a face-centered cubic shape, an average size of 118 nm, and are well distributed, with a polydispersity index of 0.410. EDX analysis confirmed silver (46.9%) as the dominant element, with several other components, including carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. The FTIR spectrum confirms the successful integration of chitosan onto the surface of AgNPs. AgNPs-Chi has the potential to be developed as an SPCE modifier for the simultaneous determination of Cd and Cu, providing simple, fast, accurate, and sensitive results using cyclic voltammetry. The detection limits for Cu and Cd were 9.48 ppm and 6.97 ppm, respectively. The sensitivities are 0.25 µAppm-1mm-2 and 0.34 µAppm-1mm-2, respectively. The accuracy is 150.2% and 101.8%, respectively. These findings show that cyclic voltammetry using SPCE/AgNPs-Chi for Cu determination is more sensitive and accurate than Cd.