Strategic Design of CTF/MoS₂@PANI Hybrid Material for Energy Storage and Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: Synergistic Properties for Supercapacitors
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Hydrogen generation via the electrocatalytic water splitting using metal-free nanostructures represents a promising and sustainable green approach. This study presents a strategic design of hybrid nanostructured electrochemical catalysts comprising covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs), molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ), and polyaniline (PANI) for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and advanced energy storage applications. High HER performance of the CTF-based hybrid is ascribed to isolated single nitrogen and phosphorus active sites, which synergistically enhance catalytic activity and leverage the material’s large surface area. Electrochemical investigations in a three-electrode setup with 3 M KOH electrolyte reveal a remarkable specific charge (Q s ) of 1285 C g⁻¹ at a current density (J d ) of 1.0 A/g. A two-electrode assembly (CTF/MoS 2 @PANI//AC), the hybrid demonstrates an energy density (E d ) of 91.4 Wh/kg, power density (P d ) of 1600 W/kg, specific charge (Q s ) of 240 C/g, columbic efficiency of 86.3%, and cycling stability with 76.9% capacity retention over 12,000 GCD cycles. These results highlight the potential of CTF/MoS 2 @PANI as a high-performance substrate for asymmetric supercapacitors and HER applications for next-generation energy technologies.