Association Between Periodontal and Geriatric Health

Objectives: This monocentric cohort study was performed to investigate the relationship between periodontal and geriatric health parameters. Whether and to what extent periodontal health is related to geriatric indices has received little attention to date. Materials and Methods: The parameters of periodontal health were examined in 51 geriatric patients, while geriatric health was assessed using standardized evaluations, including Tinetti Test, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), handgrip strength, and Barthel Index. Periodontal parameters included probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and approximal plaque index (API). Oral hygiene habits were evaluated using a structured questionnaire. Results: CAL was significantly associated with patients fall risk determined by Tinetti Test. An increase in CAL in one unit was associated with a corresponding decline in balance and gait (p < 0.05). BOP and API were significantly associated with Tinetti Test (p < 0.05). Increased handgrip strength was significantly associated with a decline of CAL (p < 0.05). A significant inverse correlation was found between API and MMSE (p < 0.05). The present study revealed no significant association between Barthel Index and periodontal parameters. Conclusions: The study suggests that the deterioration of periodontal health is associated with a decline in geriatric health, whist Tinetti Test appears to be a potentially effective assessment tool. Clinical Relevance: These findings may promote the development of targeted preventive strategies focused on the periodontal health requirements of this hospitalized patient group.