Technical, Economic and Perception-Based Assessment of Plastic Paver Blocks as an Alternative to Concrete Pavers

Managing plastic waste while reducing the environmental impact of cement-based pavements is a major challenge in sustainable infrastructure development. Conventional concrete pavements consume large quantities of cement, contributing significantly to carbon emissions. Therefore, alternative and eco-friendly paving materials are required. This study investigates the feasibility of plastic paver blocks as a substitute for conventional concrete paver blocks, considering their mechanical performance, durability, cost effectiveness, and market acceptance. Two types of paver blocks were manufactured: plastic paver blocks composed of 40% waste plastic and 60% sand, and conventional concrete paver blocks using M30 grade concrete. A total of 20 specimens of each type were prepared and tested in accordance with IS 15658:2006. The tests included compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, and abrasion resistance. The plastic paver blocks achieved an average compressive strength of 40.40 N/mm², satisfying the requirements of M40 grade, while concrete pavers recorded a higher average value of 48.64 N/mm². Flexural strength values were 6.22 N/mm² for plastic pavers and 7.09 N/mm² for concrete pavers. Plastic paver blocks exhibited significantly lower water absorption (0.21%) compared to concrete pavers (4.13%), indicating superior resistance to moisture. Abrasion loss was also lower for plastic pavers (0.80 mm) than for concrete pavers (2.16 mm). Both paver types met the codal requirements. Cost analysis revealed that plastic paver blocks are approximately 23.7% cheaper than concrete pavers. A perception survey of 157 construction professionals in Jhapa District, Nepal, showed good awareness and positive acceptance; however, limited availability and lack of regulatory support remain key challenges.