Effect of bagasse and its biochar under controlled and free drainage conditions and irrigation with municipal wastewater on leaching of solutes and water uptake by chlorda plant

Purpose: Today the effect of soil amendments materials on physical and chemical properties and root water uptake is of interest to researchers. The effect of different levels of sugarcane bagasse and its biochar on the yield of chlorda, leaching and absorption of solutes by soil and plant under CD and FD conditions and irrigation with municipal wastewater were investigated. Methods: This study was done in a greenhouse in column boxes as a two-factor factorial (drainage and additives) in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor included control and free drainage (CD and FD) and the second factor was the use of two added levels of sugarcane bagasse (Bag1 and 2%) and its biochar (BIC 0.66 and 1.32%). Results indicated that the application of sugarcane bagasse and its biochar in the soil improved the physical characteristics of the soil, so that BIC1.32% had the most increasing effect was on water holding capacity of soil. In CD treatments a part of water and fertilizer requirement provided through capillary rise leading to an increment of yield and water productivity of chlorda plant by 1.8 times compared with FD treatment. Results: As a result, the amount of application water in treatments with CD decreased by 22% compared with FD treatment. Also, CD increased the absorption of nitrate and phosphate by the soil 44.25 and 28.78%, respectively compared to FD, and also decreased 19.73, 24.23 and 31.23%, respectively nitrate leaching, phosphate and the volume of drainage water compared to FD. The amount of nitrate and phosphate absorption by chlorda plant increased by 75% and 13.3% respectively in CD compared to FD. Conclusions: The results of the mutual effect of additives and drains on plant weight were significant so that in CD, C_CD and in FD, BIC1.32% treatment had the highest yield.