Grid-Forming VSG Control Strategy with Adaptive Virtual Inertia and Damping Coefficient

The control strategy of virtual synchronous generator (VSG) provides inertia and damping for grid-forming converters during grid-connected operation, and increases the support ability of frequency and voltage of the system. However, after introducing virtual inertia, grid-connected converters are prone to active-power oscillations and power overshoot during disturbances, while the inertia and damping can also slow down the system’s response. To address this issue, this paper first builds the model of the grid-forming VSG. Then, the Transformer neural network is constructed to perform online adaptive tuning of the VSG’s virtual inertia and damping coefficient, and the adjusted parameters are applied to the grid-forming VSG controller. Finally, the dynamic responses of the traditional control strategy and the proposed control strategy are compared by simulation. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can significantly reduce the oscillation and overshoot of active power and frequency when the system is disturbed, while maintaining good dynamic response, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is thus verified.