Socio-economics background and Family-Business Goals among Silver Women Entrepreneurs in Linfen City, China: Case Analysis

This study examines the socio-economic backgrounds and family-business goals of silver women entrepreneurs in Linfen City, China, using ten detailed narrative case analyses. The participants were aged between 55 and 70. They operate small-scale enterprises such as restaurants, food stalls, and mobile vending carts. The findings highlight that their entrepreneurial activities are primarily driven by family-oriented goals, including supplementing household income, supporting children or grandchildren, covering medical expenses, and maintaining family harmony, rather than by strong profit motives or expansion ambitions. The analysis reveals that socio-economic background significantly influences entrepreneurial pathways. Some women relied on pensions, savings, or family support for startup capital, while others demonstrated resilience by independently financing their ventures. Education level and prior work experience also shaped their confidence, decision-making autonomy, and capacity to manage small businesses. Despite their contributions, traditional gender norms persist: while many women control business income and daily operations, some still defer to husbands or sons for major household decisions, particularly concerning property or long-term financial planning. Nevertheless, the majority reported enhanced self-worth, financial independence, and greater influence within their families.