Grafted Magnetite Fe3O4-VTES Nanoparticles Based on Glycidyl Methacrylate and Dimethylamino Ethyl Methacrylate: Synthesis, Characterization, Adsorption and Release of Amoxicillin

In this study, magnetic iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles with an inverse spinel structure were synthesized via the co-precipitation method under both thermal and hydrothermal conditions using Fe (II) and Fe (III) chlorides as precursors. The effects of parameters such as temperature and solvent type were investigated. Ammonia, sodium hydroxide, and triethylamine were used as alkaline agents to adjust the pH during synthesis. To prevent nanoparticle agglomeration and improve size distribution, surface modification was performed using 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane (APTES) and vinyl triethoxy silane (VTES). The morphology and structure of the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the functional groups, while magnetic properties were analyzed by vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). Subsequently, radical polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was carried out on the modified Fe₃O₄ surface to form a magnetic polymer nanocomposite. The obtained nanocomposite was employed for amoxicillin drug loading under various drug-to-carrier ratios. The results indicate that the synthesized GMA/DMAEMA magnetic nanocomposites possess excellent drug-loading capability, appropriate magnetic response, and promising potential for application as an efficient targeted drug delivery system. The results of invitro release demonstrate that Poly(DMAEMA-GMA)-VTES-coated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles exhibit a biphasic release profile with an initial burst followed by sustained, diffusion-controlled amoxicillin release, highlighting their suitability for prolonged drug delivery.