Clinical significance of circulating FcγRIIa in the prognosis of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer

Background The tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in determining the prognosis of tumors. Fc gamma receptor IIa (FcγRIIa), which is one of the three subtypes of FcγRII, is expressed on platelets and immunocytes such as macrophages and neutrophils. These cellular elements collectively contribute to the tumor microenvironment. Previous research has indicated that FcγRIIa activates platelets and inflammatory cells, thus participating in tumor growth and metastasis. Nonetheless, limited information is available regarding FcγRIIa levels in most cancer types. The research intended to detect the serum levels of FcγRIIa in 333 individuals with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 100 healthy individuals of the same age. By doing so, the researchers intended to explore the relationship between the serum levels of FcγRIIa and the clinical outcomes in patients with lung cancer (LCA). Methods Serum samples from 333 individuals with stage I–IV NSCLC and 100 healthy volunteers were subjected to analyze using the ELISA. The clinical and laboratory data underwent statistical analysis. Results The levels of circulating FcγRIIa were markedly increased in individuals with NSCLC, especially in advanced pathologic stages. Survival analysis in 333 patients with NSCLC showed markedly shorter overall survival in cases where serum levels of FcγRIIa tested positive. The serum levels of FcγRIIa were further identified to be marked associated with metastatic patients, serving as an autonomous predictive marker for NSCLC, especially in metastatic cases, rather than non-metastatic ones. Conclusion This study showed that levels of circulating FcγRIIa rise along with tumor progression, making it a promising prognostic biomarker of NSCLC, especially for metastatic patients.