Exploration of Possible Effects of Cannabis sativa Seed Oil Applied in Different Doses in Ulcerative Colitis Model

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by extensive mucosal damage and insufficient treatment options. Cannabis sativa seed oil, distinguished by its rich bioactive lipid profile, offers significant potential in modulating inflammation and oxidative stress. Given that its dose-dependent efficacy remains largely unexplored, this study investigates the therapeutic effects of varying doses of Cannabis sativa seed oil to establish a novel intervention strategy for ulcerative colitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS 24 Wistar albino rats were distributed into four groups: control, TNBS-induced colitis, and two treatment groups receiving Cannabis sativa seed oil via intragastric gavage at doses of 1 ml/kg (CS1) and 3 ml/kg (CS3). Following a 72-hour protocol, colon tissues were harvested to evaluate oxidative stress markers (SOD, GPx, MDA, MPO, CAT) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β). RESULTS Cannabis sativa seed oil administration significantly attenuated apoptotic and inflammatory signaling while restoring antioxidant enzyme homeostasis. Both biochemical and histopathological analyses confirmed that the treatment conferred robust protection against colitogenic damage (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that Cannabis sativa seed oil effectively ameliorates ulcerative colitis. Notably, the 3 ml/kg dose exhibited superior efficacy, yielding results comparable to the healthy control group, which underscores its potential as a novel pharmacological agent for inflammatory bowel diseases.