Comprehensive benefit evaluation and influencing factors analysis of high-standard farmland construction in Shaanxi Province,China

Cultivated land is a vital resource for human survival and development, playing a crucial role in maintaining harmony between humans and land and safeguarding food security. The Chinese government has always attached great importance to the protection of cultivated land resources and implemented strict policies for this purpose. Among these initiatives, the construction of high-standard farmland, as an innovative measure, aims to improve the quality of cultivated land, enhance its production capacity, and optimize the farmland ecological environment. This is to meet the demand for cultivated land resources driven by socio-economic development and promote the sustainable and healthy development of agriculture.Taking 101 counties (districts) in Shaanxi Province as the research object, this study collects relevant data on high-standard farmland construction over the ten-year period from 2012 to 2021. The entropy weight method, spatial autocorrelation model, GeoDetector model, and fixed-effect model are employed to evaluate the comprehensive benefits of high-standard farmland construction.The results indicate that the comprehensive benefits showed an overall upward trend during the research period, with the spatial distribution gradually optimizing from north to south and presenting significant spatial agglomeration characteristics. The key factors influencing the spatial differentiation of comprehensive benefits include the share of the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, the proportion of rural residents' per capita disposable income, regional economic density, local fiscal budget expenditure, average annual precipitation, and total grain output. Moreover, there are non-linear enhancement and two-factor enhancement interactions among these factors, with obvious regional differences.This study reveals the temporal and spatial evolution laws and key driving factors of the comprehensive benefits of high-standard farmland construction in Shaanxi Province, providing a scientific basis for accurately improving the quality of regional high-standard farmland construction and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture.