Financial toxicity profiles and influencing factors among ovarian cancer Patients: a latent profile analysis

Background Financial toxicity is a ubiquitous challenge for the ovarian cancer patient population. Targeting high-risk groups for financial toxicity with precise interventions can alleviate this burden and enhance patients' quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the current status and latent profiles of financial toxicity among ovarian cancer patients and explore the factors influencing different profiles of financial toxicity. Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed. Using convenience sampling, 342 ovarian cancer patients hospitalized in a provincial cancer hospital in Shandong Province from July to November 2025 were enrolled. Data were collected using self-designed questionnaires for general and clinical information, Comprehensive Scores for Financial toxicity based on Patient‑Reported Outcome Measures (COST‑PROM), Simplified version of the 10‑item Connor‑Davidson Resilience Scale (CD‑RISC‑ 10), the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify subgroups based on financial toxicity levels. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing financial toxicity across different profiles. Results Among the 342 ovarian cancer patients, the median financial toxicity score was 17.10±(7.88). Latent profile analysis identified three distinct financial toxicity profiles: mild (27.2%), moderate (50.9%), and severe (21.9%). Multinomial logistic regression revealed that the severity of financial toxicity was significantly associated with employment status, type of medical insurance, number of dependent elders, time since diagnosis, disease stage, comorbid chronic conditions, out-of-pocket medication expenses, confrontation, resignation. Conclusion Significant variability in financial toxicity exists among the three groups of ovarian cancer patients, with over 70% experiencing moderate to severe levels. Healthcare professionals can develop precise nursing interventions based on the profile characteristics and influencing factors of financial toxicity to alleviate patients' financial burden, optimize treatment outcomes, and enhance their quality of life.