The Systemic Inflammatory Response Index Is Significantly Associated with Recurrence after Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation

Purpose The systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) is associated with the prognosis of various cardiovascular diseases. This article aims to investigate the relationship between SIRI and the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients following radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). Patients and Methods This retrospective study included a total of 826 patients with AF who underwent RFCA. It examined the association between four inflammatory markers and the recurrence of AF following the procedure. The study focused on four composite inflammatory markers: SIRI, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV). Multivariate Cox regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors for AF recurrence. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to assess the predictive value of these markers for AF recurrence. Results After a median follow-up of 33 months, 278 (33.7%) patients with AF experienced recurrence. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that all four inflammatory markers were significantly associated with recurrence following RFCA of AF. Furthermore, higher levels of SIRI were linked to an increased postoperative recurrence rate (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.64, P = 0.007). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC) for SIRI's predictive value for AF recurrence was 0.64 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60–0.68, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated a significant difference in recurrence rates after RFCA among patients with varying SIRI levels (log-rank P < 0.001). Conclusion SIRI is significantly associated with the postoperative recurrence of AF; higher SIRI levels correspond to increased recurrence rates.