Comprehensive Analysis of Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Subgroup-Based Review of Clinical Evidence

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for female pattern hair loss (FPHL) and to explore how preparation and application parameters modify outcomes. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Springer and EMBASE from 2015–2025 for randomized and non-randomized controlled studies in FPHL. Two reviewers screened records, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias (ROB 2/ROBINS-I). Primary outcome was change in hair density. Heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis; findings were synthesized narratively with predefined subgroups (including spin method, activation, platelet concentration, delivery method and topical anesthesia.). Results: 10 studies (256 participants) met inclusion criteria. Across placebo-controlled trials, PRP sometimes improved hair density at 12–24 weeks, but effect sizes varied and certainty was low-to-moderate due to heterogeneity and risk of bias. Key findings indicate that double-centrifugation , non-activated PRP, platelet concentrations of 1000–1500×10⁹/L (2–5× baseline)and subdermal injection (3–5 mm depth, 0.1–0.3 mL/cm², 3–4 sessions/month) yield optimal outcomes. Adverse events were mainly mild; no serious events were reported. Conclusions: PRP may offer short-term benefits for FPHL, but standardized protocols and higher-quality trials are needed to define optimal preparation, dosing, and durability. Future studies should predefine outcomes, use sham controls, and report patient-important measures and safety systematically