Effect of Various Plasma Parameters on Whistler mode wave with Latitudinally varying Magnetic field and D.C. electric field in Jupiter’s Magnetosphere

We investigate the linear growth, dispersion, and refractive index of whistler-mode electromagnetic waves in Jupiter’s magnetospheric plasma in the presence of a DC electric field and an empirically latitudinally varying magnetic-field model. Using a relativistic generalized distribution function (reducible to a bi-Maxwellian for j = 0 and a loss-cone type for j = 1) and a kinetic (Vlasov–Maxwell) formalism, the dispersion relation is derived and solved via the method of characteristics to obtain real frequencies, refractive indices, and dimensionless growth rates. Numerical calculations use Voyager-era parameters at R = 17 R _J (after Bagenal, 1994) and the latitudinally varying magnetic field adopted in previous Jovian studies. For the loss-cone case (j = 1) growth rates are significantly larger than for the Maxwellian case (j = 0), accompanied by variations in refractive index profiles. Growth is generally enhanced by greater temperature anisotropy and higher thermal energy; it decreases with increasing relativistic factor (v/c). The parallel DC electric field modifies growth and refractive index profiles depending on magnetic geometry: under varying latitudinal angle conditions it can amplify whistler growth, while in other model runs its effect is reduced. These results quantify how plasma parameters and field geometry control whistler-mode instability, including refractive index variations, in Jupiter’s magnetosphere and provide a basis for comparative studies of planetary magnetospheres.