Synthesis and characterization of thermoplastic starch-based composites reinforced with i-Al64Cu23Fe13 quasicrystal

Thermoplastic starch-based (TPS) composites represent a promising alternative to synthetic plastics due to their biodegradability and potential to address plastic waste pollution. However, pure TPS without additives or reinforcements lack sufficient mechanical, thermal, or functional properties compared to petroleum-derived plastics and even commercial bioplastics. This work explores the use of an Al ₆₄ Cu ₂₃ Fe ₁₃ icosahedral quasicrystal as a reinforcement within a starch matrix to enhance its mechanical properties, which varied with quasicrystal loading. A methodology was developed to incorporate micrometric quasicrystal particles at controlled concentrations, ranging from 0% (control sample) to 5% by weight relative to starch. Specimens were prepared using mechanical agitation and heat, followed by drying and storage in a desiccator. Tensile testing was performed to evaluate the reinforcement effect on mechanical properties. Results demonstrated significant improvements in TPS compared to the control, the Young’s modulus increased by up to 50%, the ultimate tensile strength increased by 60%, and the elongation at break reduced by 45% in TPS reinforced with 0.1%, indicating increased material stiffness. These findings show that incorporating small amounts of quasicrystal notably modifies the physical and mechanical properties of the starch matrix, validating its potential as a reinforcement for bioplastics. Furthermore, this work contributes to developing biodegradable materials, as the resulting bioplastic consists of starch, glycerol, deionized water, and small quantities of quasicrystal.