The Analysis of Stigma Status and Its Impact on Medication Adherence in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis

Background Patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) often experience stigma, which may adversely affect their health behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the status of stigma and its impact on medication adherence in this population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 132 MHD patients from a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou, China. Participants completed the Chinese versions of the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI) and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), along with a general information questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. Results The mean total stigma score was 65.39 ± 11.31, indicating a moderate level. Stigma scores significantly differed across age, education, employment, income, marital status, mobility, dialysis vintage, and presence of complications (all P  < 0.05). A significant negative correlation was found between stigma and medication adherence (r = -0.464, P  < 0.01). Multiple linear regression identified being widowed, requiring wheelchair assistance, longer dialysis vintage (> 10 years), presence of complications, and lower medication adherence as significant factors associated with higher stigma (Adjusted R² = 0.489). Conclusion MHD patients experience considerable stigma, which is negatively associated with medication adherence. Healthcare providers should implement comprehensive assessments and targeted psychosocial interventions to mitigate stigma and improve treatment adherence in this vulnerable group.