Therapeutic Outcomes of Metformin Alone Versus Metformin Plus Saxagliptin in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

Background As a progressive metabolic disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) necessitates early and efficient glycemic control to avoid long-term consequences. The first-line medication for type 2 diabetes is metformin; however, many patients require combination therapy since metformin alone is insufficient to provide good glycemic control. Aim The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of metformin alone versus metformin plus saxagliptin on body mass index (BMI) and glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had just received a diagnosis. Methods Eighty newly diagnosed T2DM patients in the Najaf Governorate were divided into two groups for a comparative study: metformin monotherapy (n = 40) and metformin plus saxagliptin (n = 40). BMI, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting blood glucose were assessed at baseline, 30 days, and 60 days of treatment. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Results Over the course of the 60-day follow-up period, both treatment regimens produced substantial decreases in fasting serum glucose, HbA1c, and BMI (p < 0.05). However, patients receiving metformin combined with saxagliptin showed significantly greater improvements in glycemic parameters and BMI compared with those receiving metformin alone, particularly after 60 days of treatment. Conclusion In newly diagnosed individuals with type 2 diabetes, metformin with saxagliptin was more effective than metformin alone at lowering BMI and improving glycemic control. For this patient population, early combination therapy may be a useful tactic for enhancing metabolic outcomes and attaining quick glycemic control.