Biofilm Formation and Detection of Pgaabcd Gene in Uropathogenic e.coli Isolated From Clinical Urine Samples in Tersary Hospital

Background Escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and is increasingly associated with biofilm formation and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production, which complicate treatment. The pgaABCD operon is involved in the synthesis of poly-β-1,6- N -acetyl-D-glucosamine, an important component of the biofilm matrix. However, the relationship between biofilm formation, pga gene carriage, and ESBL production in urinary E. coli isolates remains unclear. Methods A total of 29 E. coli isolates obtained from urine samples were analyzed. Biofilm formation was assessed using a phenotypic method, and ESBL production was determined by standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The presence of pgaA , pgaB , pgaC , and pgaD genes was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Associations between biofilm formation, pga genes, and ESBL production were evaluated using chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. Results Biofilm formation was observed in 19 (65.5%) isolates. The pgaA , pgaB , pgaC , and pgaD genes were detected in 20 (69.0%), 24 (82.8%), 17 (58.6%), and 26 (89.7%) isolates, respectively. No statistically significant association was found between biofilm formation and the presence of individual pga genes (p > 0.05). ESBL production was common among the isolates but was not significantly associated with biofilm formation. Trial Registration Not applicable