Presentation of a Windmill-Shaped Graphene-Based Quad-Port MIMO Reconfigurable Antenna for THz Applications with RHCP Cell

In this research and study, a windmill-shaped graphene-based reconfigurable MIMO THz quad-port antenna for the terahertz frequency range using an RHCP cell is designed and proposed. Graphene, as a special two-dimensional material, has attracted attention and application for the realization and operation of terahertz plasmonic antennas due to its unique and exceptional electromagnetic properties and can exhibit the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) property in the terahertz regime. Graphene radiating element layers with a thickness of 0.01 μm are deposited on a 15 μm thick silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) substrate to growth the efficiency of the MIMO antenna. The radiation characteristics of the proposed windmill-shaped graphene-based reconfigurable MIMO THz quad-port antenna model are compared with microstrip patch antennas based on SiO2 substrate structure using FDTD technique. This structure offers return loss (S ₁₁ ) better than -10 dB in the frequency range of 1.3 THz to 1.47 THz. The windmill-shaped graphene-based reconfigurable MIMO THz quad-port antenna is designed to operate at an operating frequency of 1.4 THz. In the windmill-shaped graphene-based reconfigurable MIMO THz quad-port antenna structure, the cells are arranged vertically. In the windmill-shaped graphene-based reconfigurable MIMO THz quad-port antenna structure, the cells are arranged vertically on top of each other. The the envelope correlation coefficient and diversity gain diagrams are less than 0.025 and higher than 9.88, respectively. While these outputs indicate low correlation between antenna elements. The reconfigurable properties occur by changing the chemical potential that accompanies the bias voltage of the graphene sheets.