Efficacy of cyclin D1 in predicting the recurrence of sporadic odontogenic keratocyst: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a rare and aggressive lesion with a high recurrence rate, often associated with overexpression of Cyclin D1 (CCND1). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to whether CCND1 can be a predictor of recurrence in OKC and to estimate the recurrence incidence rate of OKC. Methods The searches in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were conducted. Eligible studies reporting recurrence rates of OKCs with sufficient follow-up data were included. The recurrence incidence rate was analyzed using a random-effect model. Results A total of four studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 35 recurrence events across 113 OKCs. The pooled recurrence incidence proportion rate was 32% (0.32; CI: 0.23 to 0.40) whereas pooled recurrence incidence rate of 9% (0.09 per person-year; CI: 0.00 to 0.28). There is no clear evidence on association of CCND1 expression in predicting the recurrence. Conclusions We observed CCND1 expression is variably present in OKC epithelium and does not correlate with recurrence. Further, recurrence rate is very low in CCND1 positive OKCs irrespective of follow-up period. CCND1 cannot confidently predict the recurrence over the period even though CCD1 expression in noted in all OKCs.