Pathway analysis of the factors affecting the disaster literacy of Chinese operating room nurses based on a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis

Background Against the backdrop of frequent disasters, operating room nurses, a crucial force in medical rescue, directly relate their disaster literacy levels to patient safety and nursing quality during disaster relief. How to enhance the disaster literacy of operating room nurses has become an important topic that urgently needs exploration. Methods This study employs a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to thoroughly evaluate sample data from 536 operating room nurses across multiple hospitals in China. Results The results reveal that the driving mechanisms of high disaster literacy levels include four model pathways: self-efficacy–teamwork-dominant, self-efficacy–disciplinary care core competence-dominant, self-efficacy–hospital support-dominant, and teamwork–disaster nursing core competence–hospital support-dominant. Conclusion This study concludes that hospitals and relevant departments should strengthen training for operating room team collaboration, improve the core competence cultivation system for disaster nursing, and increase hospital support to enhance the self-efficacy of operating room nurses and thus improve the overall level of disaster literacy.