Older adults with heart failure and their perceptions of nurse-led pre-discharge education: A qualitative descriptive study

Background Nurse-led pre-discharge education plays a crucial role in promoting self-management among older adults with heart failure. However, limited evidence exists regarding how patients perceive and experience such education. This study aimed to clarify the perceptions and self-awareness among older adults with heart failure about nurse-led pre-discharge education and to identify implications for nursing practice. Methods A qualitative descriptive design guided by the Health Belief Model was employed. Five older adults aged 65 years or above, each hospitalized at least twice for heart failure, participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically, with trustworthiness enhanced through peer debriefing and participant confirmation. Results Participants described both facilitating and hindering experiences. Individualized and empathetic guidance fostered confidence and motivation for self-care (perceived benefits and self-efficacy), whereas inconsistent or overly standardized explanations caused confusion and reduced adherence (perceived barriers). Conclusions The study highlights both the positive and negative perceptions of nurse-led pre-discharge guidance among older adults with heart failure. Consistent and individualized nurse-led pre-discharge education, which is aligned with patients’ lifestyles and values, may enhance self-management competence and improve continuity of care following discharge. Trial registration Not applicable.