Extrarenal Staghorn Stone Migration, a Rare Complication of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Staghorn stones are large branched structures that occupy the renal collecting system, and are usually treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), this treatment is rarely complicated by extrarenal stone migration, we highlight the diagnostic difficulty in a 36-year-old male that developed extrarenal stone migration and went undiagnosed for 9 months post-PCNL, CT imaging revealed fragments outside the renal collecting system, leading to hydroureteronephrosis and requiring multiple ureteroscopic interventions. We highlight the limitation of x-rays in detecting such complications and emphasize the importance of CT imaging for accurate diagnosis and management, and the role of standardized guidelines in such cases