A Case Report: Multiple Ipsilateral Pulmonary Nodules with Heterogeneous Pathological Features

The co-occurrence of lung cancer with benign pulmonary lesions such as tuberculosis and hamartoma poses considerable diagnostic difficulties, especially when imaging findings are nonspecific or overlapping. We present the case of a male patient who underwent intraoperative frozen section analysis revealing suspected minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (0.8cm, well-differentiated) in the right upper lobe, hamartoma in the right lower lobe, and granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis in the right middle lobe. Given the rarity and complexity of this clinical presentation, the case underscores the necessity of comprehensive histopathological and microbiological assessment to achieve an accurate diagnosis and guide appropriate clinical management.