Temperature Dependent Synthesis of NiCo₂O₄ Nanostructures and Their Supercapacitor Performance: Morphological Transitions from Spherical to Flower-Like Structures

In this paper, we searching the temperature dependant and temperature changing effect of the morphology of material, porosity and electrochemical performance of NiCo₂O₄ nanostructures synthesized material at 140°C, 160°C and 180°C for supercapacitor applications. With a temperature step wise rise, the obtained materials have clear morphological transformation starting from spherical nanoparticles to structures transferring to flower-like morphologies which are a type of grass over the sphere. These structural changes have definitely affected the material porosity and surface area, two major factors to enhance energy storage of supercapacitor performance. Electrochemical experiments such as electrochemical impedance, galvanostatic charge discharge and cyclic voltammetry reveal the optimum temperature for outstanding performance with regard to specific capacitance and cycle stability. The results show that the synthesis temperature regulation is a valid strategy for tuning the characteristics of NiCo₂O₄ toward high-performance energy storage.