Nexus of Innovation, Economic Growth, Environmental Pollution, and Renewable Energy in Industrial Revolution 5.0: The Case of Malaysia

The paper examines the dynamic relationship between innovation (INN), economic growth (EG), environmental pollution (EP), and renewable energy (RE) within Malaysia's transition to Industrial Revolution 5.0. By examining the nuanced interactions between technological advancements, GDP growth, and ecological impacts, the study aims to shed light on how Malaysia can pursue sustainable development. This paper uses econometric models and data from Malaysian industries. The paper offers insights into how INN can be leveraged to drive EG while mitigating environmental degradation, thereby contributing to the global discourse on sustainable industrialization. The Industrial Revolution 5.0 ushers in an era of unprecedented technological advancement and EG, yet it poses significant environmental challenges. This paper also examines the interconnection of INN, EG, EP, and RE within Malaysia, a country that has undergone a remarkable industrial transformation. Drawing on a comprehensive literature review, data analysis, and a case study of Malaysia, this research reveals the intricate interplay between INN, economic development, environmental degradation, and the shift towards RE sources. Findings highlight both the opportunities and challenges faced by Malaysia as it seeks to balance economic prosperity with environmental sustainability in the age of Industrial Revolution 5.0.