Optimization of Rotation Efficiency in Chinese Women's Volleyball Based on Dynamic Game Theory: A Technical and Tactical Game Analysis from the 2024 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League

This study analyzes 46 sets from 13 matches of the Chinese women’s volleyball team in the 2024 FIVB Women’s Nations League, applying entropy weighting and Markov game theory to evaluate rotation efficiency. Technical–tactical indicators (serve, reception, set, spike, block) were normalized and weighted to construct payoff functions for dynamic trajectory modeling. Results show that serve reception carries the highest global weight (0.318) and is the most reliable predictor of match success, particularly in Rotations 2, 5, and 6. Blocking ranks second (0.251), with Rotation 2 achieving the strongest synergy of reception and blocking, forming a positive feedback loop. In contrast, Rotation 6 consistently exhibits structural weaknesses due to the setter’s front-row positioning and unstable first touches, creating negative cascades of tactical breakdowns. These findings highlight reception and blocking as control variables in tactical evolution and identify rotation-specific “strategic breakpoints.” By integrating entropy-based performance weighting with dynamic game modeling, this study links quantitative skill evaluation with strategy optimization. The framework offers coaches data-driven insights into strengthening weak rotations, enhancing mixed-strategy adaptability, and improving scenario-based training, thereby optimizing competitive resilience in elite women’s volleyball.