Analyzing the Impact of Critical Thinking Skills on Thai Seafarers’ Proficiency: A Structural Equation Modelling (SEM Approach)

The study examines how critical thinking skills (CTS) influence Thai seafarers’ proficiency in Maritime Education and Training. The study utilizes Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to investigate how Student variables, Instructor effectiveness, Curriculum quality and Educational Institution support affect CTS proficiency. 212 Thai seafarers and MET stakeholders completed a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. Research indicates that student-related factors significantly improve CTS proficiency (β = .772, p < .001), indicating the significance of active learning, multidisciplinary approaches, and practical applications in MET programs. Instructor effectiveness had no significant effect on CTS integration into instructional methods ((β = − .041, p = .663), suggesting the need for targeted professional development. Although curriculum quality (β = .154) and institutional support (β = .122) showed suitable trends, their effect had not been statistically significant, identifying opportunities for improvement, such as integrating case studies and simulations to bridge theoretical and practical gabs.By supporting fair MET programs and improved workforce preparation, the study endorses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN, especially SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 10 (Reduce Inequalities). To address global maritime issues, policy solutions include curriculum updates, training for instructors, and increased industry-institution collaboration. By supplying insight to cultivate resilient, adaptable, and qualified seafarers in a disruption.