Analysis of Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Driving Factors of Zhejiang Important Agricultural Heritage Systems

Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS) represents an important model for sustainable development,which faces increasing pressure under rapid modernization. This study investigates 205 Zhejiang Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (Zhejiang-IAHS) using spatial analytical methods and the GeoDetector model to examine their spatiotemporal evolution, spatial clustering patterns, and driving factors. The results indicate that: (1) The temporal frequency of Zhejiang-IAHS formation follows an inverted U-shaped trajectory, and the spatial gravity center oscillated between Shaoxing and Jinhua across different historical periods; (2) Zhejiang-IAHS exhibits a polycentric and uneven clustering structure, high-density clusters are predominantly located in plains and basin areas, while different Zhejiang-IAHS types display distinct geographical affinities; (3)GeoDetector analysis shows that socioeconomic factors exert stronger explanatory power on spatial differentiation than natural conditions, with cultural and tourism resources ranking among the top single-factor drivers. Interaction analysis further reveals that significant enhancement effects occur when favorable ecological baselines coincide with dynamic socioeconomic conditions. Moreover, the nonlinear enhancement between cultural resources and tourism resources is particularly striking, highlighting their combined role as a dominant force shaping the spatial clustering of Zhejiang-IAHS. These findings offer empirical insights for the systematic conservation and adaptive management of IAHS and contribute to advancing theoretical and methodological approaches for understanding the spatiotemporal distribution and influencing mechanisms of agricultural cultural heritage.