Epidemiology of Scoliosis in Pediatric Patients Treated at the National Institute of Rehabilitation “Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra”

Objective To describe the epidemiology of scoliosis in the pediatric population treated at the Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra National Institute of Rehabilitation (INRLGII) in Mexico City. Methodology A descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study of a historical cohort was conducted consisting of a review of the electronic medical records of pediatric patients diagnosed with scoliosis and evaluated at the INRLGII over a 5-year period. The information was collected in a database and subsequently subjected to statistical analysis. Results: In total, 62% of the patients were female, with an average age of 12.6 years. The main etiology was idiopathic, with mostly dextroconvex thoracic curvatures and severe severity according to the Cobb angle measurements. Discussion The epidemiological characteristics of the included patients were similar to those reported in the Mexican literature, with some exceptions. This is probably related to the type of population included, which had a wide age range encompassing all etiologies, and the reported characteristics of only the main curvature in patients with more than one curve. Conclusions This study is important because of its analysis of the results, as there are no reports from centers providing medical care. This opens the possibility of developing preventive programs and screening tests that allow for early diagnosis and timely management, including rehabilitation programs to reduce the complication rate and improve the quality of life of patients and their caregivers, promoting their inclusion in family, school, and social settings.