Helios: A 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer

We report on Quantinuum Helios, a 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum processor based on the quan- tum charge-coupled device (QCCD) architecture. Helios features 137Ba+ hyperfine qubits, all-to-all connectivity enabled by a rotatable ion storage ring connecting two quantum operation regions by a junction, speed improvements from parallelized operations, and a new software stack with real-time compilation of dynamic programs. Averaged over all operational zones in the system, we achieve average infidelities of 2.5(1) × 10−5 for single-qubit gates, 7.9(2) × 10−4 for two-qubit gates, and 4.8(6) × 10−4 for state preparation and measurement, none of which are fundamentally limited and likely able to be improved. These component infidelities are predictive of system-level performance in both random Clifford circuits and random circuit sampling, the latter demonstrating that Helios operates well beyond the reach of classical simulation and establishes a new frontier of fidelity and complexity for quantum computers.