Ultrasound-promoted Cu/ZnO-Graphene Oxide Catalyzed Preparation and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Spirooxindole-Fused Quinazolines

This paper presents a proper and potent method for the direct preparation of a series of structurally intriguing and pharmacologically relevant spirooxindole-fused quinazoline derivatives via a rapid sonochemical treatment in water at room temperature. Consequently, several factors, including ultrasonication strength and time spent, diverse solvents, and catalysts, were examined to get the best process conditions. This procedure is characterized by the utilization of efficient treatment with ultrasound as an alternate source of energy, water as an eco-friendly solvent, and Cu/ZnO-graphene oxide nanocomposite (Cu/ZnO-GO) as a heterogeneous reusable catalyst, alongside its straightforward operation, catalyst reusability, brief reaction time, and high product yields. Several obtained products were also studied for their antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Favorable outcomes were achieved in both instances of antioxidant and antibacterial activity.