Safety of Latex EBUS Balloons in patients with Self-Reported Latex Allergy: A Retrospective Study

Background Convex probe endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) procedures utilize a latex balloon at the bronchoscope tip to ensure proper ultrasound coupling with the airway wall. Patients with latex allergy are typically advised to avoid all latex exposure due to the risk of severe reactions. This study evaluates the safety of performing EBUS with latex balloons in patients with self-reported latex allergy. Methods We conducted a single-center, retrospective review of all patients who underwent EBUS for lymph node sampling between January 2019 and July 2024, including those with a latex allergy. Key data collected included patient demographics, details of the latex allergy history (e.g., prior reaction severity), any pre-procedure prophylactic measures, and intra- or post-procedure adverse events. The primary outcome was the occurrence of any allergic or adverse reaction during or after the EBUS procedure. Results A total of 38 patients with self-reported latex allergy underwent 48 EBUS procedures. A latex balloon was used in 40 procedures (83%), while in 8 cases (17%), the balloon was not used due to provider concerns. No allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, or adverse events were observed in any patient, including in those with a history of anaphylaxis. Only one patient received premedication with dexamethasone. Conclusions In a controlled setting, EBUS may be safely performed with latex balloons in patients who report latex allergy. Given the potential severity of latex reactions, careful patient assessment and preparedness for emergency management remain essential. Further studies with larger cohorts and confirmatory allergy testing are warranted to validate the safety of this practice.