Biochemical & phytochemical insights of geographically diverse Acacia nilotica through HPLC–MS-based untargeted metabolomic studies

Acacia nilotica is tropical tree with great nutritional values, being consumed for their promising health benefits and their aerial parts is used as fodder for animals. The current report is undertaken to analyze phytochemistry and in vitro biological activities of leaf extracts of Acacia nilotica (ANL samples) of diverse geographical locations i.e. Bikaner, Rajasthan (RJ), Amritsar, Punjab (PB) & Palampur, Himachal Pradesh (HP). The methanolic extract were prepared from composite samples of different locations and further checked for their qualitative biochemical, photosynthetic investigation and HPLC-MS based untargeted metabolomics. The ANL extracts were also checked for their biological potentials. It was observed that, though the quality of phytochemicals amongst various leaf extracts remained same but quantitatively, these extracts showed differences as observed through biochemical and metabolomics studies. The significant differences were observed in the various biological activities of the leaf extracts. The results showed a positive correlation establishment between climatic variation and phenolic enrichment of Acacia nilotica plant which further affects the biological activities.