Empirical Research on Green Innovation Efficiency of Industrial Enterprises in the Yellow River Basin of China: A Two-stage Super-efficiency SBM Model Based on DEA Analysis

Green technology innovation is a crucial engine for driving the high-quality economic development of the Yellow River Basin. Based on industrial carbon emissions and "three-waste" pollutants, this research constructs a two stage super efficiency SBM model. Combining with the Structural Equation Model, Malmquist index, and two-stage efficiency measurement method, a comprehensive analytical framework is established to systematically evaluate the green technology R&D and achievement transformation efficiency of industrial enterprises in various provinces of the Yellow River Basin in China. The research results show that there is significant heterogeneity in the green technology innovation efficiency among different provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin. The innovation efficiency in the eastern coastal areas is significantly higher than that in the central and western regions. The effect of R & D activities on innovation efficiency is not always significantly positive, indicating that the improvement of innovation efficiency depends on a complex innovation ecosystem. The findings of this research will provide scientific support for China to implement differentiated support policies, promote coordinated regional development and overall innovation efficiency, and enhance the national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.