Satellite Network Enabled Smart Grid Model for Efficient Sustainable Energy Management

The increasing global energy demand and variability of renewable sources have amplified the need for intelligent, resilient, and data-driven power systems. Conventional terrestrial communication networks often struggle to provide the reliability and spatial coverage required for effective renewable energy coordination, particularly in remote or disaster-affected areas. This study proposes a novel Space-Enabled Smart Grid Framework (SE-SGF) that integrates satellite technology with terrestrial renewable energy systems to optimize generation, transmission, and load balancing. By implementing the smart grid concept that is integrated with space technology networks offers real-time data, which enables dynamic adjustments to energy flow based on changing load conditions. This makes it possible to integrate fluctuating renewable power efficiently to increase the renewable energy penetration. In essence, space technologies serve as a centralized communication hub for optimizing the use of renewable energy within a smart grid. Space technology networks improve the communication and management of the smart grid by providing information with measurable performance of the grid to improve its efficiency considerably. Matlab/Simulink software is used as a tool for integrating the solar & wind energy system with the space technology network for optimum grid management and control. Simulation results demonstrate that integrating space communication technology enhances system stability by 18.6%, reduces energy losses by 14.2%, and shortens response time to grid disturbances (stability) by 23% compared with terrestrial configurations. The proposed model offers a scalable pathway toward sustainable, resilient, and cost-efficient renewable energy management, bridging the operational gap between conventional grids and space-assisted smart infrastructure. The proposed model offers a scalable pathway toward sustainable, resilient, and cost-efficient renewable energy management, bridging the operational gap between conventional grids and space-assisted smart infrastructure. With this integration, the grid fully utilizes renewable energy sources by dynamically modifying power distribution to real-time data when integrated with space technologies.