Histologic Comparison of Gingival Recession Treatment: CTG vs. Bovine ACM in Rabbits

Background Gingival recession is wide spread pathology of oral cavity. Standard treatment presented by of connective tissue grafts with coronally advanced flap has significant limitation, such as creating donor site wound. Currently, alternative xenogenic materials are gaining popularity. We have conducted research on a material based on bovine peritoneum as an economically accessible and easy-to-obtain product. Methods Experiment was conducted on 56 rabbits. After creating GR model, animals were divided into two treatment groups: CAF + ACM (experimental group), and CAF + CTG (control group). Clinical and histological evaluations were performed on days 14, 30, and 60. Assessed parameters included gingival recession height, keratinized tissue width, gingival thickness, alveolar bone condition, vascularization, and inflammatory response. Results Both methods demonstrated comparable and satisfactory outcomes. No significant difference was observed in keratinized tissue width. However, the ACM group showed greater gingival thickness over time and better alveolar bone formation by day 60. Histological analysis also indicated more organized tissue structure, reduced inflammation, and earlier neovascularization in ACM group. Conclusion ACM showed good biocompatibility and well integrated at all stages of the research. Considering its regenerative properties and absence of donor site trauma, ACM may be considered as a perspective alternative to CAF.