Hydraulic and Hydrological Modeling of Meteorological Parameters Using the Hbv-Light Model in the Formation of Source Flow in Irrigation Systems

Rational use of water resources is carried out, especially in agriculture, through the introduction of modern irrigation technologies. The effectiveness of the sprinkler irrigation system is directly related to a thorough analysis of existing hydrometeorological conditions. In this study, the main natural factors (temperature, precipitation, evaporation) affecting streamflow formation were analyzed using the HBV-light model at an experimental site located in the Tuyatortar region of Jizzakh region. Meteorological data from April 26, 2021 to September 21, 2023 were entered into the model. Streamflow dynamics were calculated using the HBV-light model based on average, maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity, evaporation and precipitation data. The analysis showed that during periods of increased average temperatures, soil moisture reserves decreased, which led to a decrease in surface runoff. On the contrary, during periods of cold and high precipitation, the runoff increased. Also, increased evaporation was assessed as the main factor reducing the flow volume. The mechanical structure of the soil and the water retention properties were indirectly reflected in the model parameters. The results show that the HBV-light model can be used to estimate the water cycle processes in the location in a simple but reliable way. This will create a scientific basis for planning and optimizing water consumption for a sprinkler system adapted to this area in the future. The study demonstrates the possibilities of expanding the practical application of the model in the conditions of Uzbekistan and integrating it with water-saving irrigation systems.