Diagnosis and Embolization of a Non-iatrogenic and Non-traumatic Thyrocervical Pseudoaneurysm

Non-traumatic and non-iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms of the thyrocervical trunk are exceedingly rare. We report a case of a 63-year-old man with esophageal cancer who presented with fever and worsening chronic cough following initiation of induction chemotherapy. Computed tomographic angiography demonstrated a 1.3 cm pseudoaneurysm arising from the thyrocervical trunk. The lesion was successfully excluded by selective endovascular embolization using N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) liquid embolic, achieving complete occlusion while preserving flow to adjacent branches. The patient recovered uneventfully, and follow-up imaging demonstrated sustained occlusion of the pseudoaneurysm. This case highlights the safety and efficacy of endovascular embolization as a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery for the management of thyrocervical trunk pseudoaneurysms.