Occupational and Environmental Factors Contributing to Knee Pain in Hospital Staff: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Iran

Purpose This study aimed to identify occupational and non-occupational risk factors associated with knee pain among staff at Baharloo Teaching Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Given the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among healthcare workers, understanding contributing factors is essential for prevention and health promotion. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 450 hospital employees. Data were collected through structured questionnaires covering demographic details, employment characteristics (job type, secondary employment, work duration, and shifts), and medical history (personal and family histories, musculoskeletal disorders, knee pain, and smoking). Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the association between risk factors and reported knee pain. Results Among the participants, 229 (51.1%) reported knee pain. Significant risk factors included older age, female gender, heavy load handling, standing for more than four hours per day, prior use of medication for knee pain, and a history of rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders. Additionally, lower job satisfaction scores were associated with a higher likelihood of knee pain (P < 0.05). Conclusion Both occupational and non-occupational factors significantly contribute to knee pain among hospital staff. These findings underscore the need for ergonomic interventions and occupational health programs to prevent knee-related issues in healthcare settings.